sudoku

sudoku ngumdlalo okhangeleka ngathi uyiphazili yamanani. Khuthaza ingqiqo yemathematika kunye nokucinga okucwangcisiweyo. Ekuqaleni kunokubonakala kunzima kakhulu, kodwa uyakubona oko kukuziqhelanisa okuncinci, ukwazi iindlela ezifanelekileyo, suku ngalunye kuya kuba lula kwaye kube mnandi ngakumbi.

ISudoku: indlela yokudlala inyathelo ngenyathelo 🙂

Uya kufumana i- isikwere esikhulu esahlulahlulwe sangamacala amancinci, kwaye ezi zikwere zincinci zihlelwe zaba zizikwere eziphakathi. Isikwere ngasinye esiphakathi sinezikwere ezili-9 ngaphakathi.

Injongo yomdlalo kukugcwalisa izikwere ezingenanto ngamanani, ukuze:

• Yonke imigca (tyaba) ube nawo onke amanani ukusuka ku-1 ukuya ku-9, ngaphandle kokuphinda nalinye.
• Zonke iikholamu (nkqo) ube nawo onke amanani ukusuka ku-1 ukuya ku-9, ngaphandle kokuphinda nalinye.
• Zonke izikwere eziphakathi Banamanani onke ukusuka ku-1 ukuya ku-9, ngaphandle kokuphinda nalinye.

Yintoni iSudoku?

NgesiJapan esilungileyo, igama esaziyo sonke ukuba alikho nto ngaphandle kokwenza lula ibinzana "suji wa dokushin ni kagiru", Ingaba ithetha ntoni "amanani kufuneka ahluke"Kwaye ibhekisa kwixesha lokuzonwabisa elilula elinemiyalelo elula kakhulu eneenjongo zokugcwalisa zonke iibhokisi ezingenanto ngokulandelelana kwamanani. Oko kufuna ingcinga kunye nokuqiqa ngesisombululo.

Imbali yeSudoku 🤓

 

Ngaphandle kwegama layo, I-sudoku ayidalwanga eJapan, Ukuyilwa kuthethwa ngokuba yingcali yezibalo yaseSwitzerland ULeonhard Euler. Ngenkulungwane XVIII, Wadala into awayeyibiza ngokuba "izikwere zelatinmsgstr ", Umdlalo apho amanani kufuneka avele kube kanye kuphela kumqolo ngamnye nakwikholamu nganye. Imiqolo eli-9 kunye neekholamu ezili-9 yathandwa xa yaqala ukupapashwa e-US. Kwiminyaka yoo-1970.

Yayilapho ngaphakathi 1984, xa amaJapan UMaki Kaji wadibana nomdlalo. Emva kokubuyela kwilizwe lakhe, UKaji uwuphucule umdlalo (Wanika iinombolo zokufunda, esele zivele ebhokisini, kwaye wenza ubunzima obuhlukeneyo, wayibhaptiza wayiguqula yaba ngumkhuhlane phakathi kwabantu bakowabo: namhlanje iJapan inamaphephancwadi angaphezu kwe-600,000 ekhethekileyo eSudoku.

Emazantsi, ukungcakaza kwahlanya ngo-2005. Inyathelo lokuqala lathathwa ngo-1997, xa iNew Zealander UWayne Gould watyelela iJapan, wafunda ngeSudoku kwaye wavelisa inkqubo yekhompyuter yomdlalo, eyakhutshwa ngo-2004. kwiinyanga ezisibhozo ezidlulileyo, indalo yakhe yomdlalo yaqala ukupapashwa mihla le liphephandaba iThe Times, elalilandelwa kungekudala kukhuphiswano kwihlabathi liphela.

Iindidi zeSudoku

Iindidi zesudoku ukongeza kwinto yesiqhelo:

• Ethembekileyo: Ukudlala, kufuneka ulandele imigaqo efanayo ne-Sudoku yesiko, oko kukuthi, gcwalisa zonke izikwere usebenzisa amanani ukusuka ku-1 ukuya ku-9, ngaphandle kokuphindaphinda kwimigca ethe tye kwaye ethe nkqo. Eyona nto iphambili kule sudoku iphazili yeyokuba, ukongeza ekunxibelelaniseni imigca ethe nkqo nethe tye, kufuneka wenze ii-diagonals ezimbini eziphambili ezenza i-X, ngamanani ukusuka ku-1 ukuya ku-9 kwaye aziphindi.
• Ezingavumelekanga: Inemithetho efanayo neyakudala, ngaphandle kokuba izikwere aziqhelekanga.
• IKakuro: Ukudlala i-kakuro akunzima kakhulu, nangona ithathwa njengeyona inzima kune-sudoku. Injongo kukubeka amanani ukusuka ku-1 ukuya ku-9 ngendlela engazukuphinda kulandelelwano lomgca kunye nokulandelelana kwekholamu, xa kufuneka ukuba inani lamanani (ngokuthe tye okanye ngokuthe nkqo) lilingane nendawo ehambelana nayo .
• Umbulali: Yindibaniselwano yeSudoku neKakuro. Ke ngoko, kukho imimandla emiselweyo apho kungenakubakho manani aphindaphindwayo kwaye isiphumo sayo kufuneka sinike ixabiso elibonisiweyo.
• Megasudoku: Uzakufuna ukwenza amanani 1 ukuya ku-12 avele kube kanye kumqolo ngamnye, kwikholamu, nakwisikwere. Iyafana nale yendabuko kodwa ngamanye amanani amathathu.
• Minisudoku: Yahlukile kule yendabuko ngokwenziwa kwenani elincinci lezikwere.
• ImultisudokuYenziwe ngeepuzzle ezininzi ze-sudoku ezidibeneyo zenza enye.

Iingcebiso zokusombulula iSudoku 🙂

Into yokuqala ekufuneka yenziwe ukuqala ukusombulula iSudoku yile khetha ifomathi ukukhokela (umqolo, ikholamu okanye isikwere). Ukuba awukhethi enye kwaye uzame ukwenza yonke into ngaxeshanye, ungagcina ushukuxekile kwaye udide yonke into, eya kukuthatha ixesha elide kumdlalo.

Yithi, umzekelo, ukhethe ukuqala ukusombulula imigca. Emva koko uya kuhlalutya umgca wokuqala othe tye kwaye ubone ukuba ngawaphi amanani asele ekuwo kwaye angekhoyo. Gcwalisa izikwere ezingenanto ngamanani alahlekileyo, Ukuhoya amanani kwikholamu ukuqinisekisa ukuba ayiziphindi.

Emva kokusombulula umgca wokuqala, yiya kumgca wesibini kwaye uphinde inkqubo. Bona ukuba ngawaphi amanani osele unawo kwaye zeziphi ezingekhoyo ukuqala ukuzalisa. Ukuba awunalo inani 1 kumgca wesibini, yiya kwisikwere sokuqala esingenanto kwaye ubhale u-1 emva koko jonga kwikholamu yesikwere. Ukuba inani u-1 sele likho kwikholamu, lisuse kwaye ubhale u-1 kwesinye isikwere. Khumbula ukusoloko ujonga ukuba awuphindi nawaphi amanani asele ekwere.

Landela esi isingqisho kude kube sekupheleni, kwaye ungayakha umdlalo wakho weSudoku. Ekugqibeleni, kuya kusiba nzima ukufumana indawo elingana neenombolo ngaphandle kokuyiphinda, kodwa nantoni na izama ukutshintsha amanani endawo ukuze kube lula.

 

ISudoku: amacebo 🤓

Nazi ezinye iingcebiso kunye nezicwangciso ezilula zokukunceda usombulule iphazili yeSudoku.

Kunye neMveliso

Usebenzisa amanqaku, ungazisebenzisa ezi ngcebiso zilula (kwaye zibonakala ngokucacileyo):

Inombolo enye

Inombolo efihliweyo kuphela

Isibini esingatshatanga

Akukho mibhalo ”

Kulabo abangafuni ukusebenzisa ii-brand, siza kuchaza iqhinga elilula neliluncedo kakhulu.

Imigca enqamlezileyo

Imigca enqamlezileyo yeendlela kunokwenzeka Into yokuqala efundwa ngabantu xa bedlala iSudoku. Abadlali bafunda ngokwenza, kuba ilula kwaye isisiseko.

Kuyo, umdlali kufuneka akhethe inani (ngesiqhelo lelona likhoyo kakhulu kulo mdlalo) kwaye azobe imigca yokucinga ngengqondo kwimigca nakwiikholamu apho elo nani likhoyo.

Kumzekelo olandelayo, sikhetha inombolo 9. Sifumana zonke iindawo ezikhoyo kwaye sizobe imigca yentelekelelo kwimigca nakwiikholamu ukubonisa ukuba inani le-9 alinakubekwa kwezo zikhundla. Nje ukuba kwenziwe oku, siphawula indawo yasimahla eluhlaza.

Ngokuhlalutya izikhundla zasimahla, siyabona ukuba kumbindi we-3x3 kukho indawo enye yasimahla yenombolo ye-9, ke sinokuyibeka kuloo ndawo.

Nje ukuba kwenziwe oku, siphinda inkqubo yemigca yokucinga yenani esele silibekile. Jonga iziphumo:

Kwakhona Kuya kufuneka sihlalutye izikhundla zasimahla sikhangela intshukumo entsha. Njengoko sibona, kwigridi esezantsi esezantsi kukho indawo enye yasimahla. Emva koko sinokubeka inani le-9 kwaye siphinda le nkqubo ingentla.

Ngeli xesha indawo enye yasimahla ivele kwikona esezantsi ekhohlo, ke sibeka i-9 kuloo ndawo kwaye saqhubeka nesicwangciso.

Ngoku siyabona ukuba sinezikhundla ezi-9 zasimahla kwinombolo 3, akukho nanye eyahlukileyo kwigridi eyi-3x9 ekuyo. Ke ngoko, asazi ukuba sibeka phi XNUMX kusetyenziswa esi sicwangciso sodwa.

Enye indlela enokwenzeka khetha inombolo entsha kwaye uphinde esi sicwangciso sichazwe nje. Uya kuba nakho ukugcwalisa uninzi lweeseli usebenzisa esi sicwangciso.

Ngoku ukuba unezicwangciso ezithile, wonwabe kwaye usebenzise ingqondo yakho ngokudlala iSudoku

Imigaqo yeSudoku

Injongo yomdlalo

ISudoku ngumdlalo ofuna ixesha kunye nengcinga, kodwa wakube uyayazi imigaqo, kuba lula ukudlala.

ISudoku ngokubanzi Inetafile ye-9x9, eyenziweyo Iigridi ezili-9, abanazo Iiseli ezili-9 ngokwahlukeneyo.

Uluvo oluphambili lomdlalo kukuba umdlali kuya kufuneka ugcwalise itafile ngamanani ukusuka ku-1 ukuya ku-9, ngaphandle kokuphindaphindwa kwamanani kumgca omnye okanye iigridi.

Ukuba ulandela yonke le mithetho kwaye ulawula ukuzalisa itafile, umdlalo uphumelele!

Isicwangciso somdlalo

Itafile zeSudoku zenzelwe ukuba nesisombululo esinye Kwaye ngenxa yoko, kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba singayifumani kakuhle okokuqala.

Ngesi sizathu sinye, uninzi lwabadlali lukhetha ukubhala amanani ngepensile ukuze acinywe xa benze impazamo.

Ugcino

Elinye icebo lokuthathela ingqalelo yile ukusetyenziswa kweempawu zorhwebo. Ngamagama, sithetha Ukubhala izinto ezahlukeneyo ezinokwenzeka kwiseli nganye. Oko kukuthi, ukuba iseli linamanani 3 no-9, eyona nto ifanelekileyo kukubonisa (ngobukhulu obuncinci) amanani omabini kunye nokusombulula yonke itafile, de kufikelelwe kwinani elihambelana neseli.

Kwezinye iinguqulelo zeSudoku, la manqaku amancinci sele ebandakanyiwe kwitafile, ukulungiselela isisombululo sabo. Kwezi nguqulelo esele zibandakanya amanqaku, kukho amaqhinga anokukunceda ukusombulula iphazili:

Inombolo enye

Nanini na kwitafile yeSudoku (enamanqaku) ufumana inani kwiseli enye, le ngu uphawu lokuba inye kuphela into enokwenzeka kwiseli enyeOko kukuthi, kuya kufuneka ucofe elo nani ngokukhawuleza kwiseli.

Inombolo efihliweyo kuphela

ISudoku ngamanye amaxesha inokuba ngumdlalo ontsonkothileyo, kodwa kukho amaqhinga amancinci okusinceda siwazi umdlalo. Umzekelo, kwimidlalo apho kukho iimveliso, ngamanye amaxesha sifumana into ebizwa ngokuba yi "inombolo efihliweyo kuphela".

Eli nani alibonisi kuphela kwiseli (ehamba namanye amanani), kodwa kuphela komgqatswa onokubakho kumqolo, kwikholamu okanye kwigridi eyi-3x3.

Oko kukuthi, xa kwigridi eyi-3x3, umzekelo, inani u-3 livela kwaye lingabonakali nakwesiphi na iseli kwigridi leyo, sisalathiso sokuba inani u-3 lelinye lale seli.

Isibini esingatshatanga

Ngethuba nje ufumana amanani afanayo kuphela kumanqaku e-3x3, oko kuthetha ukuba esi sibini kufuneka ubekhona kwezi seli zimbini, kuphela kombuzo ophakamayo apha ngowokuba nguwuphi oya kuba kulo ngamnye.

Akukho mibhalo

Ukuba inguqulelo yakho yeSudoku ayizanga namanqaku okanye ukuba awufuni ukusebenzisa amanqaku, kukho elinye icebo elilula kakhulu lokukunceda uwazi kakuhle lo mdlalo.

Imigca enqamlezileyo

Imigca enqamlezileyo isetyenziswa ngokubanzi, ngenxa yokusebenziseka kwayo ngokulula. Ihlala ngaphakathi Khetha inani elivela rhoqo kwitafile yonke uzobe (ngepensile ukuze ungabhideki) imigca kwimiqolo nakwiikholamu apho eli nani linxulunyaniswa khona.

Emva kokuzoba yonke imigca, siya kwinqanaba lokumakisha iiseli ezingagutyungelwanga kuloo migca. Emva koko, sihlalutya ukuba zeziphi iigridi ezi-3x3 ezingenalo inani le-9 kwaye zinendawo (engaphumlwanga) ukuyibeka.

Nje ukuba yenziwe, khetha elinye inani kwaye uphinde isicwangciso esifanayo, zide zonke iiseli zizaliswe. Ekugqibeleni, kuya kufuneka ujonge ukuba aphindaphindi amanani kumgca omnye okanye kwigridi. Ukuba akukho manani aphindaphindiweyo, umdlalo uphumelele.

Ixesha lokudlala kunye nobunzima

Akukho xesha liphezulu kwipuzzle nganye yeSudoku, kwaye umdlali ngamnye angonwabela umdlalo okoko afuna.

Umdlalo weSudoku inokwahluka phakathi kwemizuzu emi-5 nengama-45, kodwa konke kuxhomekeke kumava omdlali kunye nenqanaba lobunzima bomdlalo. Ukubeka nje, kunzima ngakumbi kumdlalo, kokukhona kufuneka uqiqe, ngenxa yoko umdlalo uya kuthatha ixesha elide.

Malunga nobunzima, ihlala icacisa kwisihloko sewebhusayithi okanye imagazini. Kukho imidlalo elula yabaqalayo kwaye kunzima kakhulu kubadlali abanamava. Kwiingcali, amanqanaba anzima ngakumbi kunokuba ngumceli mngeni ngokwenene, njengoko amanqanaba eqala ukubonakala ehambelana kakhulu, apho amanani abonakala ngathi abonakala. Ke ngoko, ukongeza kwisiseko sokuqiqa, ufuna isicwangciso esithile.

Kwaye ke eli nqaku liphetha. Siyavuyisana nawe! Ngoku uyazi indlela yokudlala iSudoku, okanye ubuncinci unolwazi olwaneleyo lokusombulula ezi puzzle!

Imidlalo emininzi